Derma Care

Understanding Your Skin

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It forms a protective barrier between the body and the outside environment. It helps protect us from germs, chemicals, environmental factors, and excessive loss of moisture. The skin also plays an important role in regulating body temperature and providing sensation.

How Does a Skin Infection Happen?

Healthy skin acts as a natural defense against harmful microorganisms. However, bacteria and fungi can sometimes enter or multiply on the skin when its protective barrier is weakened or when conditions are favorable for their growth.

Common factors that may contribute to skin infections include:

Cuts, scratches, or other breaks in the skin
Excessive sweating and moisture
Poor skin hygiene
Warm and humid environments
Prolonged use of tight or damp clothing
Sharing personal items such as towels or clothing
A weakened skin barrier

Bacterial & Fungal Infections

Bacterial infections occur when harmful bacteria multiply on or enter damaged skin and cause inflammation or other symptoms.

Fungal infections are caused by fungi that grow on the skin, particularly in warm, moist areas. They may cause symptoms such as itching, redness, scaling, irritation, or discomfort.

Recognizing changes in the skin early and maintaining good skin hygiene can help support healthy skin.

हमारी त्वचा के बारे में

त्वचा हमारे शरीर का सबसे बड़ा अंग है। यह हमारे शरीर को धूल, गंदगी, रसायनों और हानिकारक सूक्ष्मजीवों से बचाने वाली एक प्राकृतिक सुरक्षा परत का काम करती है। त्वचा शरीर में नमी बनाए रखने, शरीर का तापमान नियंत्रित करने और स्पर्श का अनुभव कराने में भी महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती है।

त्वचा में संक्रमण कैसे होता है?

स्वस्थ त्वचा आमतौर पर बैक्टीरिया और फंगस जैसे सूक्ष्मजीवों से हमारी रक्षा करती है। लेकिन जब त्वचा की प्राकृतिक सुरक्षा परत कमजोर हो जाती है या त्वचा पर नमी और गर्मी अधिक समय तक बनी रहती है, तो कुछ सूक्ष्मजीव तेजी से बढ़ सकते हैं और संक्रमण का कारण बन सकते हैं।

त्वचा संक्रमण के कुछ सामान्य कारण हैं:

त्वचा पर कट, खरोंच या चोट
अत्यधिक पसीना और नमी
गर्म और नम वातावरण
त्वचा की उचित स्वच्छता का अभाव
लंबे समय तक गीले या बहुत तंग कपड़े पहनना
तौलिया या कपड़े जैसी व्यक्तिगत वस्तुओं को साझा करना
त्वचा की प्राकृतिक सुरक्षा परत का कमजोर होना

बैक्टीरियल और फंगल संक्रमण

बैक्टीरियल संक्रमण तब हो सकता है जब हानिकारक बैक्टीरिया त्वचा पर बढ़ने लगते हैं या क्षतिग्रस्त त्वचा के अंदर प्रवेश कर जाते हैं। इससे लालिमा, सूजन, जलन या अन्य त्वचा संबंधी समस्याएं हो सकती हैं।

फंगल संक्रमण फंगस के कारण होता है, जो विशेष रूप से गर्म और नम स्थानों पर तेजी से बढ़ सकता है। इसमें खुजली, लालिमा, जलन, त्वचा पर पपड़ी या असहजता जैसे लक्षण दिखाई दे सकते हैं।

त्वचा की स्वच्छता बनाए रखना और त्वचा में होने वाले बदलावों पर समय रहते ध्यान देना स्वस्थ त्वचा के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।

Skin Condition	Drug Substance (API)	Therapeutic Category	Common Topical Application	Important Precautions
Dermatophyte infections (Tinea)	Luliconazole	Antifungal	Tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea pedis	For external use only. Avoid eyes and mucosal surfaces. Use as directed.
Dermatophyte & Candida infections	Clotrimazole	Antifungal	Superficial fungal infections of the skin	May cause local irritation. Use according to the diagnosed condition.
Fungal infections / Seborrhoeic dermatitis	Ketoconazole	Antifungal	Dermatophyte and Candida infections; seborrhoeic dermatitis	Avoid contact with eyes. Follow the recommended duration of treatment.
Dermatophyte & Candida infections	Miconazole	Antifungal	Superficial fungal infections	Discontinue and seek medical advice if significant irritation or hypersensitivity occurs.
Dermatophyte infections	Sertaconazole	Antifungal	Superficial dermatophyte infections	For external use. Avoid contact with eyes and mucosal surfaces.
Dermatophyte infections	Eberconazole	Antifungal	Superficial dermatophyte infections	Use as directed and avoid contact with eyes.
Dermatophyte infections	Terbinafine	Antifungal	Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis and other superficial dermatophyte infections	Complete the recommended treatment course.
Cutaneous candidiasis	Nystatin	Antifungal	Candida infections of the skin	Primarily active against Candida; not suitable for dermatophyte infections.
Selected bacterial skin infections	Mupirocin	Antibacterial	Localized susceptible bacterial skin infections	Use only when clinically appropriate. Avoid prolonged or unnecessary use.
Selected bacterial skin infections	Fusidic Acid	Antibacterial	Susceptible staphylococcal skin infections	Rational use is important to minimize antimicrobial resistance.
Acne vulgaris	Clindamycin	Topical antibacterial	Inflammatory acne	Use judiciously and preferably as part of an appropriate acne regimen to limit antibiotic resistance.
Acne / Selected bacterial conditions	Nadifloxacin	Topical antibacterial	Acne and selected superficial bacterial conditions	Use according to professional advice and approved indication.
Mild inflammatory dermatoses	Hydrocortisone	Corticosteroid	Eczema, dermatitis and other steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions	Use appropriate potency and duration. Prolonged use may cause skin atrophy and other adverse effects.
Inflammatory dermatoses	Desonide	Low-potency corticosteroid	Eczema and dermatitis	Use cautiously on sensitive areas and for the recommended duration.
Eczema / Dermatitis / Psoriasis	Mometasone	Corticosteroid	Steroid-responsive inflammatory dermatoses	Potency, duration and application site should be considered. Avoid unsupervised prolonged use.
Inflammatory dermatoses	Betamethasone*	Corticosteroid	Eczema, dermatitis and psoriasis	Potency varies by formulation. Avoid inappropriate or prolonged use.
Severe inflammatory dermatoses	Clobetasol Propionate	Very potent corticosteroid	Severe steroid-responsive inflammatory dermatoses	Use under medical supervision. Avoid prolonged use and inappropriate application to sensitive areas.
Acne vulgaris	Adapalene	Topical retinoid	Comedonal and inflammatory acne	May cause dryness and irritation. Use sun protection. Pregnancy-related precautions should be discussed with a healthcare professional.
Acne vulgaris	Tretinoin	Topical retinoid	Comedonal acne and selected acne presentations	May cause irritation and increased sensitivity to sunlight. Follow professional advice regarding pregnancy.
Acne vulgaris	Benzoyl Peroxide	Anti-acne / Antimicrobial	Acne lesions and prevention of new lesions	May cause dryness, irritation and bleaching of hair or fabrics.
Acne / Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation	Azelaic Acid	Anti-acne / Keratinization modulator	Acne and associated pigmentation	May cause transient burning, stinging or irritation.
Scabies	Permethrin	Antiparasitic	Treatment of scabies	Apply according to the prescribed regimen. Close contacts and household measures may also need attention.
Selected parasitic skin conditions	Ivermectin	Antiparasitic	Selected topical parasitic infections, according to approved indication	Use only in appropriate formulations and indications.
Hyperkeratotic and scaly conditions	Salicylic Acid	Keratolytic	Hyperkeratosis, scaling and selected acne/psoriasis preparations	Avoid excessive application, particularly over large areas or damaged skin.
Dry and hyperkeratotic skin	Urea	Humectant / Keratolytic	Xerosis, rough and thickened skin	Higher concentrations may cause irritation or stinging on fissured skin.
Dry and rough skin	Lactic Acid	Humectant / Keratolytic	Xerosis and rough skin	May cause stinging or irritation, particularly on sensitive or damaged skin.
Herpes simplex infections	Acyclovir	Antiviral	Selected herpes simplex infections of the skin	Use after appropriate diagnosis. Avoid contact with eyes.
Herpes labialis	Penciclovir	Antiviral	Recurrent herpes labialis	Most effective when initiated early; use according to product directions.
Atopic Dermatitis / Inflammatory Dermatoses	Tacrolimus	Calcineurin inhibitor	Atopic dermatitis and selected inflammatory dermatoses	May cause transient burning or irritation. Use according to prescription.
Atopic Dermatitis	Pimecrolimus	Calcineurin inhibitor	Mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis in appropriate patients	Use according to prescribing information and professional advice.